《Chemcatchem》: Recent advances of in situ insights into CO₂ reduction toward fuels

Liang Chen,⁺ Chengbin Zhang,⁺ and Xingchen Jiao*

The conversion of CO₂ into valuable chemical fuels addresses both environmental pollution and energy scarcity. However, understanding reaction mechanisms and the dynamic catalyst evolution during CO₂ reduction remains a challenge to data. In this review, we present a detailed description of recent advanced in situ characterization techniques, which provide a reliable means of monitoring the intermediate evolution during CO₂ reduction and the dynamic evolution of the catalyst, respectively. Finally, we provide an outlook on the development of in situ characterization techniques.

Figure 1. In situ techniques for tracking intermediates during CO₂ reduction.